Wild or mezcal agave encompasses various agave species that grow naturally in different regions of Mexico, mainly in arid and semi-desert areas. Its importance lies in the artisanal production of mezcal, where each species contributes unique flavors, aromas, and profiles linked to the terroir and local traditions. These slow-growing, highly resilient plants are fundamental to Mexican biodiversity and culture. In addition to their use in distilled spirits, they have potential in biotechnology, natural fibers, and sustainable products, representing a resource of high ecological and economic value.